1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
- CVSS v3 9.8
- ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
- Vendor: Weintek
- Equipment: Weincloud
- Vulnerabilities: Weak Password Recovery Mechanism for Forgotten Password, Improper Authentication, Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts, Improper Handling of Structural Elements
2. RISK EVALUATION
Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to utilize the JSON web token (JWT) to reset account passwords, use expired credentials, perform brute force attacks on credentials, or cause a denial-of-service condition.
3. TECHNICAL DETAILS
3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS
The following Weintek Weincloud versions are affected:
3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW
3.2.1 WEAK PASSWORD RECOVERY MECHANISM FOR FORGOTTEN PASSWORD CWE-640
The affected product could allow an attacker to reset a password with the corresponding account’s JWT token only.
CVE-2023-35134 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N).
3.2.2 IMPROPER AUTHENTICATION CWE-287
The affected product could allow an attacker to abuse the registration functionality to login with testing credentials to the official website.
CVE-2023-37362 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
3.2.3 IMPROPER RESTRICTION OF EXCESSIVE AUTHENTICATION ATTEMPTS CWE-307
The affected product could allow an attacker to efficiently develop a brute force attack on credentials with authentication hints from error message responses.
CVE-2023-32657 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).
3.2.4 IMPROPER HANDLING OF STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS CWE-237
The affected product could allow an attacker to cause a denial-of-service condition for Weincloud by sending a forged JWT token.
CVE-2023-34429 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).
3.3 BACKGROUND
- CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
- COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
- COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Taiwan
3.4 RESEARCHER
Hank Chen (PSIRT and Threat Research of TXOne Networks) reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.
4. MITIGATIONS
Weintek has updated their account API to v0.13.8, which has fixed the issue. This fix does not require any action for users.
Additional mitigations are recommended to help reduce risk:
- Log in on trusted computers if possible. Log out after usage on un-trusted ones.
- On the HMIs, if the online services are not used, set to offline mode for EasyAccess 2.0 or Dashboard services using system reserved addresses.
- Regularly change passwords to reduce risks.
- Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, and ensure they are not accessible- only applicable devices and/or systems have access to the internet.
CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities. Specifically, users should:
- Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolate them from business networks.
- When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as virtual private networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as its connected devices.
CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.
CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.
Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.
Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.
No known public exploits specifically target these vulnerabilities.