1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
- CVSS v4 8.4
- ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
- Vendor: Sunbird
- Equipment: DCIM dcTrack, Power IQ
- Vulnerabilities: Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel, Use of Hard-coded Credentials
2. RISK EVALUATION
Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to gain unauthorized access or steal credentials.
3. TECHNICAL DETAILS
3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS
The following Sunbird products are affected:
- DCIM dcTrack: Versions v9.2.0 and prior
- Power IQ: Versions v9.2.0 and prior
3.2 Vulnerability Overview
3.2.1 Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel CWE-288
DCIM dcTrack allows an attacker to misuse certain remote access features. An authenticated user with access to the appliance’s virtual console could exploit these features to redirect network traffic, potentially accessing restricted services or data on the host machine.
CVE-2025-66238 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N).
A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-66238. A base score of 7.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).
3.2.2 Use of Hard-coded Credentials CWE-798
DCIM dcTrack platforms utilize default and hard-coded credentials for access. An attacker could use these credentials to administer the database, escalate privileges on the platform or execute system commands on the host.
CVE-2025-66237 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-66237. A base score of 8.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).
3.3 BACKGROUND
- CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Information Technology, Critical Manufacturing
- COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
- COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: United States
3.4 RESEARCHER
notnotnotveg ([email protected]) reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.
4. MITIGATIONS
Sunbird recommends that users take the following actions:
- dcTrack: Update to 9.2.3
- Power: Update to IQ 9.2.1
If updating immediately is not possible, Sunbird additionally recommends that customers:
- Restrict SSH or any non-essential port access in the IP Based Access Control.
- Passwords for SSH based user accounts be changed at the time of deployment.
CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:
- Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
- Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
- When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.
CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.
CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.
CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.
Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.
Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.
CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:
No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.
5. UPDATE HISTORY
- December 4, 2025: Initial Publication